Probability and Sampling Distributions Essays - Sampling

Probability and Sampling Distributions Essays - Sampling STAT 1350: Elementary Statistics Lab Activity #___________ Name(s)_________________________ Probability and Sampling Distributions Date ___________________________ A recent Gallup Poll asked a simple random sample of 1600 American adults, Have you, yourself smoked any cigarettes in the past week? Suppose that in fact 20% of all American adults would answer yes if asked this question. The proportion of the sample who answers yes will vary in repeated sampling. To investigate this, we simulated 1000 samples of size n = 1600 from a population in which 20% would answer yes they smoked cigarettes in the past week. The results of this simulation are provided in the table below. Please fill in the percentage column and write your answers as decimals rounded to three places. Class for Frequency (of the 1000 samples)Percentage 0.165 to 0.1701 0.170 to 0.1756 0.175 to 0.18022 0.180 to 0.18558 0.185 to 0.19089 0.190 to 0.195146 0.195 to 0.200178 0.200 to 0.205182 0.205 to 0.210160 0.210 to 0.21581 0.215 to 0.22049 0.220 to 0.22517 0.225 to 0.2307 0.230 to 0.2354 Please graph the distribution on the previous page with a histogram in the grid below. Place the classes of the sample proportion on the x-axis (make each bar a width of one block) and the frequencies on the y-axis (make each block a frequency of 10). Once you have drawn the histogram, draw the density curve on the histogram that describes this distribution. It turns out that the sampling distribution of for this scenario is a Normal distribution with mean 0.20 and standard deviation 0.01. Use this information to answer the following questions: Questions: 1.Find probability that at least 0.22 of the sample smokes: a)Using the 68-95-99.7 Rule. Make sure to sketch the density curve and shade the area of interest. b)Using the results of the simulation. 2.Find probability that fewer 0.19 of the sample smokes: a)Using the 68-95-99.7 Rule. Make sure to sketch the density curve and shade the area of interest. b)Using the results of the simulation. 3.Find probability that between 0.18 and 0.22 of the sample smokes: a)Using the 68-95-99.7 Rule. Make sure to sketch the density curve and shade the area of interest. b)Using the results of the simulation. 4.Are the results for parts a) and b) EXACTLY the same for questions #1, #2, #3 above? 5.Why is there a difference between the results for parts a) and b) for each question above? 6.What would happen to the results for parts a) and b) if we simulated 50000 samples of size n = 1600 from a population in which 20% would answer yes they smoked cigarettes in the past week. 7.What statistical principle explains the answers to questions #5 and #6?